We know that create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) are the four basic functions of persistent storage. Today I’m going to show the CRUD operations for Laravel. It is a simple Laravel crud tutorial for beginners. You will get basic crud stuff using controller, model, route, blade etc.

Table of Contents

Just follow the listed steps:

1. Install Laravel
2. Edit .env file – Database Configuration
3. Handle specified key was too long error
4. Create Table
5. Create Controller and Model
6. Setup Resource Route
7. Create Blade Template and Files

Step 1 : Install Laravel

Let’s install a fresh Laravel project. Before installation you will need to make sure your server meets the following requirements:

• PHP >= 7.1.3
• OpenSSL PHP Extension
• PDO PHP Extension
• Mbstring PHP Extension
• Tokenizer PHP Extension
• XML PHP Extension
• Ctype PHP Extension
• JSON PHP Extension
• BCMath PHP Extension

Go to your project folder (for xampp, go to htdocs folder) and write this command in your terminal to create a project.

composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel laravelcrud

Step 2 : Edit .env file – Database Configuration

In the Laravel project, there is a file called .env. It’s for project configuration. To connect with database we need to set database credentials.

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_PORT=3306
DB_DATABASE=laravelcrud
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=pasword

Step 3 : Handle specified key was too long error

To handle this error, go to this file laravelcrud/app/Providers/AppServiceProvider.php and inside the bootmethod set a default string length:

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

public function boot()
{
    Schema::defaultStringLength(191);
}

Step 4 : Create Table

For CURD operations, we generally use “products”. I’m also taking “products” as example. ? Run this command to create products table.

php artisan make:migration create_products_table --create=products

Let’s see the terminal output:

We have successfully created the products table. Now go to “database/migrations” and you will find the migration file for creating products table.

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateProductsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('products', function (Blueprint $table) {
            $table->bigIncrements('id');
            $table->string('name');
            $table->string('price');
            $table->text('detail');
            $table->timestamps();
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('products');
    }
}

Now run this command to migrate this migration:

php artisan migrate

Terminal output:

Step 5 : Create Controller and Model

In this step, we will create a controller named ‘ProductController ‘ and a model named ‘Product ‘. Run this command to create both the controller and the model.

php artisan make:controller ProductController --resource --model=Product

Model Product and ProductController has been created. Open the app/Product.php file and paste this code:

<?php

namespace App;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Product extends Model
{
    protected $fillable = [
        'name', 'price', 'detail'
    ];
}

Let’s modify ProductController. Open the file from this location app/Http/Controllers/ProductController.php. You can see 7 empty functions. Remove all codes and paste this code to the ProductController file:

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Product;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class ProductController extends Controller
{
    /**
     * Display a listing of the resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function index()
    {
        $products = Product::latest()->paginate(5);

        return view('products.index',compact('products'))
            ->with('i', (request()->input('page', 1) - 1) * 5);
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for creating a new resource.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function create()
    {
        return view('products.create');
    }

    /**
     * Store a newly created resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'name' => 'required',
            'price' => 'required',
            'detail' => 'required',
        ]);

        Product::create($request->all());

        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success','Product created successfully.');
    }

    /**
     * Display the specified resource.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function show(Product $product)
    {
        return view('products.show',compact('product'));
    }

    /**
     * Show the form for editing the specified resource.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function edit(Product $product)
    {
        return view('products.edit',compact('product'));
    }

    /**
     * Update the specified resource in storage.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Http\Request  $request
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function update(Request $request, Product $product)
    {
        $request->validate([
            'name' => 'required',
            'price' => 'required',
            'detail' => 'required',
        ]);

        $product->update($request->all());

        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success','Product updated successfully');
    }

    /**
     * Remove the specified resource from storage.
     *
     * @param  \App\Product  $product
     * @return \Illuminate\Http\Response
     */
    public function destroy(Product $product)
    {
        $product->delete();

        return redirect()->route('products.index')
                        ->with('success','Product deleted successfully');
    }
}

Step 6 : Setup Resource Route

Open the “routes/web.php” file and create a resource route for product.

<?php

Route::get('/', function () {
    return view('welcome');
});

Route::resource('products','ProductController');

Step 7 : Create Blade Template and Files

Go to resources/views directory and make a folder named ‘products‘. Now go to the products folder. So, now you are here: resources/views/products.

We are going to create 5 files here. Just create these files and copy paste the codes:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <!-- Required meta tags -->
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
    <title>Laravel CRUD Application</title>
    <!-- Bootstrap CSS -->
    <link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>

<div class="container">

    <div class="text-center" style="margin: 50px 0 50px 0;"><a href="{{url("products")}}"><img
                src="{{asset("images/logo.png")}}" alt="Logo"></a><br>Laravel CRUD from Scratch
    </div>

    @yield('content')
</div>

</body>
</html>

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')
    <div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h3>Products</h3>
            </div>
            <div class="pull-right">
                <a class="btn btn-success" href="{{ route('products.create') }}">Add Product</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    @if ($message = Session::get('success'))
        <div class="alert alert-success">
            <p>{{ $message }}</p>
        </div>
    @endif

    <table class="table table-bordered">
        <tr>
            <th>ID</th>
            <th>Name</th>
            <th>Price</th>
            <th>Details</th>
            <th width="280px">Actions</th>
        </tr>
        @foreach ($products as $product)
            <tr>
                <td>{{ $product->id }}</td>
                <td>{{ $product->name }}</td>
                <td>{{ $product->price }}</td>
                <td>{{ $product->detail }}</td>
                <td>
                    <form action="{{ route('products.destroy',$product->id) }}" method="POST">

                        <a class="btn btn-info" href="{{ route('products.show',$product->id) }}">Show</a>

                        <a class="btn btn-primary" href="{{ route('products.edit',$product->id) }}">Edit</a>

                        @csrf
                        @method('DELETE')

                        <button type="submit" class="btn btn-danger">Delete</button>
                    </form>
                </td>
            </tr>
        @endforeach
    </table>

    {!! $products->links() !!}

@endsection

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')
    <div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h3>Add Product</h3>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    @if ($errors->any())
        <div class="alert alert-danger">
            <strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>
            <ul>
                @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                    <li>{{ $error }}</li>
                @endforeach
            </ul>
        </div>
    @endif

    <form action="{{ route('products.store') }}" method="POST">
        @csrf

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Name:</strong>
                    <input type="text" name="name" class="form-control">
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Price:</strong>
                    <input type="text" name="price" class="form-control">
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Detail:</strong>
                    <textarea class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="detail"></textarea>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Add Product</button>
            </div>
        </div>

    </form>
@endsection

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')
    <div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h3>Edit Product</h3>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    @if ($errors->any())
        <div class="alert alert-danger">
            <strong>Whoops!</strong> There were some problems with your input.<br><br>
            <ul>
                @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                    <li>{{ $error }}</li>
                @endforeach
            </ul>
        </div>
    @endif

    <form action="{{ route('products.update',$product->id) }}" method="POST">
        @csrf
        @method('PUT')

        <div class="row">
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Name:</strong>
                    <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ $product->name }}" class="form-control">
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Price:</strong>
                    <input type="text" name="price" value="{{ $product->price }}" class="form-control">
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
                <div class="form-group">
                    <strong>Detail:</strong>
                    <textarea class="form-control" style="height:150px" name="detail">{{ $product->detail }}</textarea>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 text-center">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">Update</button>
            </div>
        </div>

    </form>
@endsection

@extends('products.layout')

@section('content')
    <div class="row" style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
        <div class="col-lg-12 margin-tb">
            <div class="pull-left">
                <h3>Show Product</h3>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Name:</strong>
                {{ $product->name }}
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Price:</strong>
                {{ $product->price }}
            </div>
        </div>
        <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12">
            <div class="form-group">
                <strong>Details:</strong>
                {{ $product->detail }}
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
@endsection

Our Laravel CRUD application is ready. ? Just run your application by this command:

php artisan serve

Now visit your project URL from browser:

http://localhost/laravelcrud:8000/products

You will see like this:

I hope this article will help you. You can download this project from GitHub.

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